Rachel Green

Rachel Green

Professor and Director

410-614-4922

725 N. Wolfe St.
714A PCTB
Baltimore, MD 21205

Lab website

The ribosome is a complex molecular machine that translates the genetic code into functional polypeptides. Our work focuses on understanding how the ribosome functions at a molecular level and how changes in its activity lead to mRNA quality control and the induction of cellular stress responses. Work in the Green lab ranges widely in scope, from detailed mechanistic questions in ribosome rescue to surveying global changes in gene expression and dissecting the complex interplay of mammalian signaling pathways. We use a wide range of genetic, genomic, and biochemical approaches to explore these questions in bacteria, yeast, and increasingly in mammalian systems. Much of our ongoing work focuses on the importance of ribosome collisions in activating signaling pathways such as the integrated stress response (ISR) and various MAP kinase cascades.

Current Lab Members

Name Role Email
Joy Fei Undergraduate Student yfei6@jhu.edu
Stefan Cehan Undergraduate Student scehan1@jhu.edu
David Wollensak Graduate Student dwollen1@jh.edu
Eugene Park Research Postdoctoral Fellow epark53@jhmi.edu
Rebecca Zordan HHMI Research Specialist rebecca.zordan@gmail.com
Chien-I Yang Postdoctoral Fellow cyang110@jhmi.edu
Kate Schole Graduate Student kschole1@jhmi.edu
Joshua Black Postdoctoral Fellow jblack53@jhmi.edu
Frances Diehl Postdoctoral Fellow fdiehl3@jhmi.edu
Nicolle Rosa-Mercado Postdoctoral Fellow nrosame1@jh.edu
Jeffrey Li Graduate Student jli333@jhmi.edu
Vienna Huso Graduate Student vhuso1@jhmi.edu
Annabelle Campbell Graduate Student acampb63@jhmi.edu
Marco Catipovic Postdoctoral Fellow mcatipo1@jhmi.edu
Julie Brunelle Lab Manager jbrunelle@jhmi.edu
James Saba Graduate Student jsaba1@jhmi.edu
Allen Buskirk Research Associate buskirk@jhmi.edu

Publications

  • Zhao S, Cordes J, Caban KM, Götz MJ, Mackens-Kiani T, Veltri AJ, Sinha NK, Weickert P, Kaya S, Hewitt G, Nedialkova DD, Fröhlich T, Beckmann R, Buskirk AR, Green R, Stingele J. RNF14-dependent atypical ubiquitylation promotes translation-coupled resolution of RNA-protein crosslinks. Mol Cell. 2023 Dec 7;83(23):4290-4303.e9. doi: 10.1016/j.molcel.2023.10.012. Epub 2023 Nov 10. PMID: 37951216. Link
  • Black JJ, Green R. Saving ribosomal proteins for later. Nat Cell Biol. 2023 Nov;25(11):1568-1569. doi: 10.1038/s41556-023-01251-4. PMID: 37845326. Link
  • Saba JA, Huang Z, Schole KL, Ye X, Bhatt SD, Li Y, Timp W, Cheng J, Green R. LARP1 senses free ribosomes to coordinate supply and demand of ribosomal proteins. bioRxiv [Preprint]. 2023 Nov 2:2023.11.01.565189. doi: 10.1101/2023.11.01.565189. PMID: 37961604; PMCID: PMC10635049. Link
  • Livingston NM, Kwon J, Valera O, Saba JA, Sinha NK, Reddy P, Nelson B, Wolfe C, Ha T, Green R, Liu J, Wu B. Bursting translation on single mRNAs in live cells. Mol Cell. 2023 Jul 6;83(13):2276-2289.e11. doi: 10.1016/j.molcel.2023.05.019. Epub 2023 Jun 16. PMID: 37329884; PMCID: PMC10330622. Link
  • Park E, Mackens-Kiani T, Berhane R, Esser H, Erdenebat C, Burroughs AM, Berninghausen O, Aravind L, Beckmann R, Green R, Buskirk AR. B. subtilis MutS2 splits stalled ribosomes into subunits without mRNA cleavage. bioRxiv [Preprint]. 2023 May 6:2023.05.05.539626. doi: 10.1101/2023.05.05.539626. PMID: 37205477; PMCID: PMC10187299. Link
  • Koller TO, Scheid U, Kösel T, Herrmann J, Krug D, Boshoff HIM, Beckert B, Evans JC, Schlemmer J, Sloan B, Weiner DM, Via LE, Moosa A, Ioerger TR, Graf M, Zinshteyn B, Abdelshahid M, Nguyen F, Arenz S, Gille F, Siebke M, Seedorf T, Plettenburg O, Green R, Warnke AL, Ullrich J, Warrass R, Barry CE 3rd, Warner DF, Mizrahi V, Kirschning A, Wilson DN, Müller R. The Myxobacterial Antibiotic Myxovalargin: Biosynthesis, Structural Revision, Total Synthesis, and Molecular Characterization of Ribosomal Inhibition. J Am Chem Soc. 2023 Jan 18;145(2):851-863. doi: 10.1021/jacs.2c08816. Epub 2023 Jan 5. PMID: 36603206; PMCID: PMC9853869. Link
  • Saito K, Kratzat H, Campbell A, Buschauer R, Burroughs AM, Berninghausen O, Aravind L, Green R, Beckmann R, Buskirk AR. Ribosome collisions induce mRNA cleavage and ribosome rescue in bacteria. Nature. 2022 Mar;603(7901):503-508. doi: 10.1038/s41586-022-04416-7. Epub 2022 Mar 9. Link
  • Ivanov IP, Saba JA, Fan CM, Wang J, Firth AE, Cao C, Green R, Dever TE. Evolutionarily conserved inhibitory uORFs sensitize Hox mRNA translation to start codon selection stringency. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2022 Mar 1;119(9):e2117226119. doi: 10.1073/pnas.2117226119. Link
  • D'Orazio KN, Wu CC, Sinha NK, Loll-Krippleber R, Brown GW, Green R. (2019) The endonuclease Cue2 cleaves mRNAs at stalled ribosomes during No Go Decay. eLife 2019;8:e49117 doi: 10.7554/eLife.49117 [ link ] [ pdf ]
  • Kearse MG, Goldman DH, Choi J, Nwaezeapu C, Liang D, Green KM, Goldstrohm AC, Todd PK, Green R, Wilusz JE. (2019) Ribosome queuing enables non-AUG translation to be resistant to multiple protein synthesis inhibitors. Genes and Development 33: 871-885. [ link ] [ pdf ]
  • Mohammad F, Green R, Buskirk AR. (2019)  A systematically-revised ribosome profiling method for bacteria reveals pauses at single-codon resolution. Elife. 2019 Feb 6;8. pii: e42591. [ link ]
  • Wu CC, Zinshteyn B, Wehner KA, Green R. (2019) High-Resolution Ribosome Profiling Defines Discrete Ribosome Elongation States and Translational Regulation during Cellular Stress. Mol Cell. 2019 Jan 11. pii: S1097-2765(18)31063-3. [ link ]
  • Zinshteyn B, Chan D, England W, Feng C, Green R, Spitale RC. (2019) Assaying RNA structure with LASER-Seq. Nucleic Acids Res. 2019 Jan 10;47(1):43-55. [ link ]
  • Paix A, Folkmann A, Goldman DH, Kulaga H, Grzelak MJ, Rasoloson D, Paidemarry S, Green R, Reed RR, Seydoux G. (2017) Precision genome editing using synthesis-dependent repair of Cas9-induced DNA breaks. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. Dec 12;114(50):E10745-E10754.[ link ]
  • Koutmou KS, Schuller AP, Brunelle JL, Radhakrishnan A, Djuranovic S, Green R. (2015) Ribosomes slide on lysine-encoding homopolymeric A stretches. Elife 4 doi: 10.7554/eLife.05534. [ pdf ]
  • Kowalinski E, Schuller A, Green R, Conti E. (2015) Saccharomyces cerevisiae Ski7 Is a GTP-Binding Protein Adopting the Characteristic Conformation of Active Translational GTPases. Structure 23(7):1336-43.[ pdf ]
  • Young DJ, Guydosh NR, Zhang F, Hinnebusch AG, Green R. (2015) Rli1/ABCE1 Recycles Terminating Ribosomes and Controls Translation Reinitiation in 3'UTRs In Vivo. Cell 162(4):872-84. [ pdf ]
  • Arthur L, Pavlovic-Djuranovic S, Smith-Koutmou K, Green R, Szczesny P, Djuranovic S. (2015) Translational control by lysine-encoding A-rich sequences. Science Advances 1(6): soi:10.1126/sciadv. 1500154.  [ pdf ]
  • Koutmou KS, McDonald ME, Brunelle JL, Green R. (2014) RF3:GTP promotes rapid dissociation of the class 1 termination factor. RNA May;20(5):609-20. [ link ]
  • Guydosh NR, Green R. (2014) Dom34 rescues ribosomes in 3' untranslated regions. Cell Feb 27;156(5):950-62. [ link ]
  • Zaher HS, Green R. (2014) In vitro synthesis of proteins in bacterial extracts. Methods in Enzymology 539:3-15. [ link ]
  • He SL, Green R. (2013) Polysome analysis of mammalian cells. Methods in Enzymology 530:183-92. [ link ]
  • Djuranovic S, Nahvi A, Green R. (2012) miRNA-mediated gene silencing by translational repression followed by mRNA deadenylation and decay. Science 336, 237-240. [ link ]